The hazard associated with trailing wingtip vortices affecting following aircraft is known as what?

• A. Wake turbulence
• B. Gust front
• C. Icing
• D. Wind shear

Answer: (B)

Wake turbulence is the hazard produced by trailing wingtip vortices. As lift is generated, air actually curls into a pair of counter-rotating vortices that descend behind the aircraft. When another aircraft flies into that wake, it can encounter strong vertical currents and differential rolling moments, which can lead to loss of control or unexpected altitude changes, especially during takeoff and landing or when following closely behind a larger aircraft. Heavier airplanes create stronger vortices, so the danger is greater and is the reason for required separation between aircraft.

Gust fronts, icing, and wind shear describe different atmospheric phenomena unrelated to trailing wingtip vortices. Gust fronts are rapid changes in wind associated with storms, icing is ice buildup on surfaces, and wind shear is a rapid change in wind speed or direction with height.